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**Libro:** Complex Cognition: The psychology of human thought\\
Capítulo: 12\\
Título: Creativity\\
Autor(es): Robert J. Sternberg/Talia Ben Zeev\\
Editorial: Oxford University Press\\
Año:2001\\
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====== Tema central: ======
Recopila el conocimiento generado al rededor de la creatividad como objeto de investigación interdisciplinar.
las agrupa en 8 categorías y según estas teorías describe lo que entienden como aportes creativos.

===== La creatividad como objeto de estudio =====

Creativity is the ability to producenovel, high-quality, task-appropiate products.\\

==== Perspectivas investigadas y sus autores: ====

  - Mystical Approaches: Cannot be investigated (matter of muses)\\{{:creativity_theories_mystical.png?400|}}
  - Pragmatic Approaches: have focused on how to use creativity and how to increase it.\\{{:creativity_theories_pragmatic.png?400|}}
  - Psychodynamic Approaches: Focuses on the unconscious processes underlying creativity.\\{{:creativity_theories_psichodynamic.png?500}}
  - Psychometric Approaches: How creativity can be masured\\{{:creativity_theories_Psychometric.png?300|}}
  - Cognitive Approaches: Information processing and mental representations underlying creativity\\{{:creativity_theories_cognitive.png?500|}}
  - Social-personality Approaches:Motivation, Roles of the other people, personality treats.\\{{:creativity_theories_social_personality.png?400|}}
  - Evolutionary Approaches:creativity is an adaptation that enhances the chances of survival\\{{:creativity_theories_evolutionary.png?400|}}
  - Confluence Approaches: Integration of different theories.\\ {{:creativity_theories_confluence.png?400|}}


==== Tipos de contribuciones creativas ====

  - Normal or revolutionary (Kuhn, 1970).\\
  - The solution to a well designed problem - the devising of an encompassed theory-frozen work-ritulized work-"high stakes" performance. (Gardner, 1993,1994.
  - Parameters of psychometric models:\\
*(Rubenson & Runco, 1992)???\\
*The extent to wich they "defy the crowd" (Sternbert & Lubart, 91A, 91b, 95, 96)\\

  - Recognition in the field (Campbell,1960;perkinson, 1995; Simonton, 1997)
  - Primary and secondary creativity (Maslow, 1968)\\
  - (Ward et al. 1999):\\

*Roles of focusing ( Ward et al. 1999) (Bowers, Regehr, Balthazard, & Parker, 1990;Kaplan and Symon, 1990) and exploratory thinking ( Ward et al. 1999)(bradsford & Stein, 1984; Gretzels & Csikszentmiyalyi, 1976)\\
*Domain specific () Universal ()\\
*Unestructured and structured or systematic\\

  - Propulsion Model: (Sternberg, 1999c)\\
*Replication-Redefinition-Forward incrementation-Advance forward incrementation- Redirection- Reconstruction redirection-reinitiation-integration.\\

====== Bibliografía ======